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[Ref:2]

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[Ref:3]

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[Ref:9]

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[Ref:10]

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[Ref:11]

An approximate equation written on a note that Dr. Itakura (director of the Hydraulic Engineering Lab of CERI) provided to the author in 1985.

[Ref:12]

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[Ref:13]

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[Ref:14]

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[Ref:15]

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[Ref:16]

Past, present and future of a meandering river in the Bolivian Amazon basin , Kattia Rubi Arnez Ferrel, Jonathan Mark Nelson, Yasuyuki Shimizu,Tomoko Kyuka, Earth Surface Process and Landform, Volume46, Issue 4, 30 March 2021, pp. 715-727.

[Ref:17]

Inami, Y. and Yamaguchi (Kawamura), Video recording of experiment conducted .at the Civil Engineering Research Institute for Cold Region, Nov., 2021.

[Ref:18]

Watanabe, Y., Ecology and Civil Engineering Society, Lecture material for the 2019 Young Scholars’ Meeting.

[Ref:19]

Watanabe, Y., a report and photos provided to the author in Nov. 2021.

[Ref:20]

Hiramatsu, Y., Yamaguchi, S., and Iwasaki T., Experiment on the Effects of the Location of Earth Mounds on the Process of Sediment Transport, Proceedings of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers B1 (Hydraulic Engineering) Vol. 77, 2021. (in Japanese). Yamaguchi, S., provided the video recording for this textbook.

[Ref:21]

Kuroki, M. and Kishi, T., Regime Criteria on Bars in Alluvial Straight Channels, Proceedings of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 342, Dec. 1984 (in Japanese)

[Ref:22]

Yamaguchi, H. and Kuroki, M., Regime Criteria on Sandbars in Alluvial Streams, Abstracts for the 18th Symposium on Natural Disaster Science (in Japanese)

[Ref:23]

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[Ref:24]

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[Ref:25]

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[Ref:26]

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[Ref:27]

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[Ref:28]

Watanabe, Y., Hasegawa, K., Yoshikawa, Y., Hayakawa, H., Linear Stability Analysis on Channel with Periodic Width Variations , Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering), Vol. 70, No. 4 p.I_991-I_996, 2014. (in Japanese)

[Ref:29]

Yamaguchi, S., Watanabe, Y., Experiments on the Deformation Process of Channel Plane Form with Nodes and Anti-Nodes , Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering), Vol. 72, No. 4 p.I_745-I_750, 2016. (in Japanese)

[Ref:30]

Asahi, K., Shimizu Y., Nelson J., and Parker G. : Numerical simulation of river meandering with self-evolving banks , J. Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, Vol. 118, p.p. 2208-2229, 2013.

[Ref:31]

Hayashi, T.,, Basics Hydraulics , Kajima Publishing, pp.136, 1996. (in Japanese)

[Ref:32]

Kishi, T., Kuroki, M., Bed Forms and Resistance to Flow in Erodible-Bed Channels (I) , Bulletin of the Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, No. 67, 1973 (in Japanese)

[Ref:33]

Langbein, W.B. and Leopold, L.B., River Meanders: Theory of Minimum Variance ,referenceid=1571666. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 422-H.

[Ref:35]

National Park Service, Alatna River

[Ref:36]

Taken with the kind guidance of Director Takeuchi and Technical Officer Miura of the Izumo River Office, Chugoku Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Aerial still image , Aerial video

[Ref:37]

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[Ref:38]

Engelund F., Flow and Bed Topography in Channel Bends , Journal of the Hydraulics Division, Proc. of the ASCE, Vol. 100. No. Hy11, 1974.

[Ref:39]

Watanabe, A., Fukuoka, S., Yasutake, Y., Kawaguchi, H., Groin Arrangements Made of Natural Willows for Reducing Bed Deformation in a Curved Channel , Advances in River Engineering, Vol. 7, p.p. 285-290, 2001. (in Japanese)

[Ref:40]

Nishimoto, N., Shimizu, Y., Aoki, K., Numerical Simulation of Bed Variation Considering the Curvature of Stream in a Meandering Channel , Japanese Journal of JSCE, Vol. 456, p.p. 11-20, 1992. (in Japanese)